Open Outbreak

我应该担心南非的白喉疫情吗？

更新于 · 依据官方评估分级；此处内容不构成医疗建议。

南非白喉暴发 · 高

如果您在受影响地区 高
WHO assessed the public health risk in affected countries in the African Region as high on 21 November 2025. South Africa was one of the affected Member States named in that notice. 根据 WHO
如果您在同一国家或地区的其他地方 高
WHO said the public health risk in affected countries was high on 21 November 2025, and South Africa was included among the affected countries in its African Region update. 根据 WHO
如果您即将前往那里旅行 高
WHO assessed the public health risk in the African Region as high on 21 November 2025. That is the latest retrievable official risk assessment relevant to travel into the affected region. 根据 WHO
如果您在世界其他地方 低
WHO assessed the global risk as low on 21 November 2025, even while rating the African regional risk as high. 根据 WHO

正在发生什么

South Africa is being monitored as part of the wider diphtheria resurgence in the WHO African Region, with reported activity especially in Western Cape, Limpopo and Gauteng. The available South African outbreak information describes ongoing transmission since late 2025, including confirmed respiratory cases and asymptomatic toxigenic carriers, but a current South African public bulletin was not retrievable. The latest retrievable official regional notice is WHO’s update of 21 November 2025, which said that since the beginning of 2025 and as of 2 November 2025, eight countries in the Region, including South Africa, had reported 20,412 suspected diphtheria cases and 1,252 deaths. No reliable recent media figures were retrieved for South Africa, so there is no verified official-media numerical gap to report. WHO says control in affected countries requires laboratory confirmation, enhanced surveillance and case finding, clinical management with diphtheria antitoxin and appropriate antibiotics, infection prevention and control, sustained vaccination, and risk communication.

谁会受影响以及如何传播

白喉是由产毒白喉棒状杆菌引起的细菌感染。它通常通过密切身体接触和呼吸道飞沫传播，世界卫生组织还指出直接接触传播。疫情通常主要影响儿童，但世界卫生组织最近的非洲地区通报称，许多病例也见于年轻成年人。疫苗接种可预防大部分疾病，但严重病例可能阻塞呼吸道，世界卫生组织称白喉约有5%至10%的病例致死率，在白喉抗毒素难以获得的地区死亡率更高。

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